Meritocracy means that educational opportunities
are distributed on the basis of merit. Many education systems apply de facto meritocratic principles to the
distribution of educational opportunities (UNESCO, 2018)
In order to move towards impartiality or equality of condition in educational outcomes, governments may choose to distribute educational inputs unequally, in ways that compensate for existing disadvantage (UNESCO, 2018).
The minimum standards principle involves seeing education in terms of a binary
criterion – a child is enrolled in primary school or not or can demonstrate basic literacy or not – and
insisting that this criterion should be fulfilled for all individuals (UNESCO, 2018)
Is simply to look at the distribution of the educational variable across persons, regardless of their different circumstances. We refer to this as “equality of condition” (UNESCO, 2018).
It argues that educational goods should be distributed equally with respect to differences which should be irrelevant, such as gender, race, wealth or location (UNESCO, 2018).